@article{ref1,
title="Trends in non-help-seeking for mental disorders in Germany between 1997-1999 and 2009-2012: a repeated cross-sectional study",
journal="Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology",
year="2017",
author="Brandstetter, Susanne and Dodoo-Schittko, Frank and Speerforck, Sven and Apfelbacher, Christian and Grabe, Hans-Jörgen and Jacobi, Frank and Hapke, Ulfert and Schomerus, Georg and Baumeister, Sebastian E.",
volume="52",
number="8",
pages="1005-1013",
abstract="PURPOSE: This study sought to examine trends in non-help-seeking for mental disorders among persons with a prevalent mental disorder (12-month prevalence) in Germany between 1997-1999 and 2009-2012. <br><br>METHODS: We examined data from 1909 persons aged 18-65 years who participated in two independent, repeated cross-sectional surveys (German National Interview and Examination Study 1997-1999, German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults 2009-2012) conducted 12 years apart. Prevalent mental disorders (12-month prevalence) were determined using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, which included information on lifetime help-seeking for mental health problems. Correlates of self-reported help-seeking were analyzed according to Andersen's Behavioral Model. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to assess time trends in the directly standardized and model-adjusted prevalence of non-help-seeking across strata of socio-economic and clinical variables. <br><br>RESULTS: The proportion of people with a prevalent mental disorder who have never sought help in their lifetime decreased significantly from 62% (95% CI 58.7-64.7) to 57% (95% CI 52.2-60.9) between 1997-1999 and 2009-2012 in adults aged 18-65 years in Germany. Downward trends in non-help-seeking occurred in all investigated strata and reached statistical significance in women, in people who were living alone, people with medium educational level, people living in middle-sized communities, people with non-statutory health insurance, smokers, and people with co-existing somatic conditions. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Despite a downward trend over the course of 12 years, a large proportion of people suffering from mental disorders are still not seeking treatment in Germany. Further efforts to increase uptake of help-seeking for mental disorders in hard-to-reach groups are warranted to continue this trend.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0933-7954",
doi="10.1007/s00127-017-1384-y",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-017-1384-y"
}