@article{ref1,
title="Incidence and associated risk factors of traumatic brain injury in a cohort of homeless and vulnerably housed adults in 3 Canadian cities",
journal="Journal of head trauma rehabilitation",
year="2016",
author="Nikoo, Mohammadali and Gadermann, Anne and To, Matthew J. and Krausz, Michael and Hwang, Stephen W. and Palepu, Anita",
volume="32",
number="4",
pages="E19-E26",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To examine the factors associated with incident traumatic brain injury (TBI) among homeless and vulnerably housed persons over a 3-year follow-up period. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Data were obtained from the Health and Housing in Transition study, which tracked the health and housing status of 1190 homeless or vulnerably housed individuals in 3 Canadian cities for 3 years. DESIGN AND MAIN MEASURES: Main measure was self-reported incident TBI during the follow-up period. Factors associated with TBI were ascertained using mixed-effects logistic regression. <br><br>RESULTS: During first, second, and third years of follow-up, 187 (19.4%), 166 (17.1%), and 172 (17.9%) participants reported a minimum of 1 incident TBI, respectively. Among 825 participants with available data for all 3 years of follow-up, 307 (37.2%) reported at least 1 incident TBI during the 3-year follow-up period. Lifetime prevalence of TBI, endorsing a history of mental health diagnoses at baseline, problematic alcohol and drug use, younger age, poorer mental health, and residential instability were associated with increased risk of incident TBI during follow-up period. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Mental health support and addressing residential instability and problematic substance use may reduce further risk of TBI and its associated poor health and social outcomes in this population.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-9701",
doi="10.1097/HTR.0000000000000262",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000262"
}