@article{ref1,
title="Effects of translational and rotational accelerations on traumatic brain injury in a sport utility vehicle-to-pedestrian crash",
journal="International journal of vehicle design",
year="2016",
author="Tamura, Atsutaka and Koide, Takao and Yang, King H.",
volume="72",
number="3",
pages="208-229",
abstract="A series of full-scale vehicle-to-pedestrian impact simulations were performed using a vehicle finite element (FE) model and a pedestrian FE model at 25 and 40 km/h. The pedestrian model collided laterally against the centre front (wrap-around) or front right corner (fender vault) of the vehicle considering a pedestrian's pre-impact transverse speed of 0.0-4.0 m/s. Analysis using selected injury assessment parameters revealed that both translational and rotational accelerations applied to the head were significantly related to the intracranial tissue deformation in the simulated impact cases; the cumulative strain damage measure (CSDM) (an injury metric representing a 'volume fraction' of the brain elements exceeding the tolerance level) resulted in 5.7% for primary and 39.4% for secondary head strikes on average (N = 12), implying that traumatic brain injury (TBI) can be closely associated with a combination of linear and rotational loadings exerted over the head during an eventual contact with the ground.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0143-3369",
doi="10.1504/IJVD.2016.080589",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJVD.2016.080589"
}