@article{ref1,
title="Defining a multimodal signature of remote sports concussions",
journal="European journal of neuroscience",
year="2017",
author="Tremblay, Sebastien and Iturria-Medina, Yasser and Mateos-Pérez, José María and Evans, Alan C. and de Beaumont, Louis",
volume="46",
number="4",
pages="1956-1967",
abstract="Sports-related concussions lead to persistent anomalies of the brain structure and function that interact with the effects of normal ageing. Although post-mortem investigations have proposed a bio-signature of remote concussions, there is still no clear in vivo signature. In the current study, we characterized white matter integrity in retired athletes with a history of remote concussions by conducting a full-brain, diffusion-based connectivity analysis. Next, we combined MRI diffusion markers with MR spectroscopic, MRI volumetric, neurobehavioral and genetic markers to identify a multidimensional in vivo signature of remote concussions. Machine learning classifiers trained to detect remote concussions using this signature achieved detection accuracies up to 90% (sensitivity: 93%, specificity: 87%). These automated classifiers identified white matter integrity as the hallmark of remote concussions and could provide, following further validation, a preliminary unbiased detection tool to help medical and legal experts rule out concussion history in patients presenting or complaining about late-life abnormal cognitive decline.<br><br>© 2017 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0953-816X",
doi="10.1111/ejn.13583",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ejn.13583"
}