@article{ref1,
title="Co-occurring cyberbullying and school bullying victimization and associations with mental health problems among Canadian middle and high school students",
journal="Violence and victims",
year="2017",
author="Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues",
volume="32",
number="4",
pages="671-687",
abstract="This study examined the associations between co-occurring cyberbullying and school bullying victimization with poor self-rated mental health, psychological distress, and suicidal ideation and attempts among 4,886 Canadian students in Grades 7-12 and tested whether these associations differed between middle and high school students. There are 12.2% of students who were victims of both cyberbullying and school bullying. After adjusting for covariates, victims of both cyberbullying and school bullying presented the highest odds of poor self-rated mental health (odds ratio [OR] = 5.02; 95% CI [3.75, 6.74]), psychological distress (OR = 5.91; 95% CI [4.38, 7.96]), and suicidal ideation (OR = 6.17; 95% CI [4.44, 8.56]) and attempts (OR = 7.68; 95% CI [3.95, 14.93]). These associations were stronger among middle-school youth than their high school counterparts. <br><br>RESULTS suggest that victims of both cyberbullying and school bullying may constitute the most vulnerable group and that there is a need for intervention programs addressing both forms of bullying simultaneously, particularly among middle school students.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0886-6708",
doi="10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-16-00031",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-16-00031"
}