@article{ref1,
title="Pedaling torque sensor-less power assist control of an electric bike via model-based impedance control",
journal="International journal of automotive technology",
year="2017",
author="Cheon, D. S. and Nam, K. H.",
volume="18",
number="2",
pages="327-333",
abstract="This paper proposes a method to assist human force acting on electric bike without using costly torque sensors via a model-based impedance control technique. In general, electric bikes are classified into two categories, i.e., pedelec electric bikes and throttle electric bikes. We focus on the system called a pedelec electric bike. It assists human pedaling force using the pedaling information, e.g., pedaling force or speed. To obtain the human's pedaling information in real-time, it needs physical sensors such as a torque sensor and a velocity sensor. But, these sensors are expensive and weak against external loads. Also, since these sensors are fixed directly to the forced component in a bike system, there are the risks of damage. For these reasons, sensor-less control methods based on a disturbance observer have been studied so far. In this paper, we have proposed a pedaling torque sensor-less power assist method and have applied it to the experimental pedelec electric bike. A power assist control algorithm, designed by employing an impedance model, consists of a PI-type feedback controller, an inverse model-based feedforward controller, and a pedaling torque observer. Finally, we performed experiments and confirmed the effectiveness of a proposed power assist control method. © 2017, The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers; published by Springer-Verlag   Keywords: Bicycles; Bicyclists; Bicycling<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1229-9138",
doi="10.1007/s12239-017-0033-5",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12239-017-0033-5"
}