@article{ref1,
title="Bullying in school-aged children in Iceland: a cross-sectional study",
journal="Journal of Pediatric Nursing",
year="2018",
author="Garmy, Pernilla and Vilhjalmsson, Runar and Kristjánsdóttir, Guðrún",
volume="38",
number="",
pages="e30-e34",
abstract="PURPOSE: We describe the frequency and variations in bullying among a representative national sample of school-age children and examine whether sociodemographic characteristics are associated with bullying. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study is based on a cross-sectional school-based survey-the Icelandic contribution to the international research network Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC). The study population included all students in Iceland in grades 6, 8 and 10 (mean ages: 11, 13 and 15years, respectively) (participation rate: 84%; n=11,018). The students completed an anonymous standardized questionnaire administered in the classroom. <br><br>RESULTS: The self-reported frequency of being victimized by bullying at least 2-3 times every month was 5.5%. A younger age, speaking a foreign language at home, not living with one's parents, and living in a rural area, were all associated with higher frequencies of being bullied. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Despite efforts to reduce bullying in school, experiences of being victimized through bullying are still too common among Icelandic school-age children. Stakeholders and school health administrators should consider sociodemographic antecedents when planning interventions to reduce bullying at school.<br><br>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0882-5963",
doi="10.1016/j.pedn.2017.05.009",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2017.05.009"
}