@article{ref1,
title="Demographics and injuries associated with knee dislocation: a prospective review of 303 patients",
journal="Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine",
year="2017",
author="Moatshe, Gilbert and Dornan, Grant J. and Løken, Sverre and Ludvigsen, Tom C. and LaPrade, Robert F. and Engebretsen, Lars",
volume="5",
number="5",
pages="e2325967117706521-e2325967117706521",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Information on the incidence, injury mechanisms, ligament injury patterns, and associated injuries of knee dislocations is lacking in the literature. There is a need to characterize ligament injury patterns and associated injuries in knee dislocations to avoid missing common associated diagnoses and to plan surgical treatment. <br><br>PURPOSE: To evaluate patient demographics, ligament injury patterns and associated injury patterns, and associated injuries in patients with knee dislocation. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. <br><br>METHODS: A total of 303 patients with knee dislocations treated at a single level 1 trauma center were followed prospectively. Injury mechanism; ligament injury patterns; associated neurovascular, meniscal, and cartilage injuries; and surgical complications were recorded. The Schenck knee dislocation classification was used to classify the ligament injury patterns. <br><br>RESULTS: The mean age at injury was 37.8 ± 15.3 years. Of the 303 patients included, 65% were male and 35% were female. There was an equal distribution of high-energy and low-energy injuries. Injury to 3 major ligaments was the most common, with Schenck classification type KD III-M constituting 52.4% of the injuries and KD III-L comprising 28.1%. Meniscal injuries and cartilage injuries occurred in 37.3% and 28.3% of patients, respectively. Patients with acute injuries had significantly lower odds of a cartilage injury than those with chronic injuries (odds ratio [OR], 0.28; 95% CI, 0.15-0.50; P <.001). Peroneal nerve injuries were recorded in 19.2% of patients (10.9% partial and 8.3% complete deficit), while vascular injuries were recorded in 5%. The odds of having a common peroneal nerve injury were 42 times greater (P <.001) among those with posterolateral corner injury (KD III-L) than those without. The odds for popliteal artery injury were 9 times greater (P =.001) among those with KD III-L injuries than other ligament injury types. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Medial-sided bicruciate injuries were the most common injury pattern in knee dislocations. Cartilage injuries were common in chronically treated patients. There was a significant risk of peroneal nerve injury with lateral-sided injuries.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2325-9671",
doi="10.1177/2325967117706521",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117706521"
}