@article{ref1,
title="Therapeutic effect of beta-blocker in patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis",
journal="Journal of critical care",
year="2017",
author="Chen, Zaifeng and Tang, Linjun and Xu, Xinlong and Wei, Xiaojie and Wen, Lutong and Xie, Qingsong",
volume="41",
number="",
pages="240-246",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: β-Blocker exposure has been shown to reduce mortality in traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the efficacy of β-blockers remains inconclusive. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted in this paper to evaluate the safety and efficacy of β-blocker therapy on patients with TBI. <br><br>METHODS: The electronic databases were systemically retrieved from construction to February 2017. The odds ratio (OR), mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined. <br><br>RESULTS: A total of 13 observational cohort studies involving 15,734 cases were enrolled. The results indicated that β-blocker therapy had remarkably reduced the in-hospital mortality (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.27-0.40; p<0.001). However, β-blocker therapy was also associated with increased infection rate (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.50-2.69; p<0.001), longer length of stay (MD=7.40; 95% CI=4.39, 10.41; p<0.001) and ICU stay (MD=3.52; 95% CI=1.56, 5.47; p<0.001). In addition, β-blocker therapy also led to longer period of ventilator support (MD=2.70; 95% CI=1.81, 3.59; p<0.001). <br><br>CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis demonstrates that β-blockers are effective in lowering mortality in patients with TBI. However, β-blocker therapy has markedly increased the infection rate and requires a longer period of ventilator support, intensive care management as well as length of stay.<br><br>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0883-9441",
doi="10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.05.035",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.05.035"
}