@article{ref1,
title="Polysubstance use among U.S. women of reproductive age who use opioids for nonmedical reasons",
journal="American journal of public health",
year="2017",
author="Jarlenski, Marian and Barry, Colleen L. and Gollust, Sarah and Graves, Amy J. and Kennedy-Hendricks, Alene and Kozhimannil, Katy",
volume="107",
number="8",
pages="1308-1310",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and patterns of polysubstance use among US reproductive-aged women who use opioids for nonmedical purposes. <br><br>METHODS: We used the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (2005-2014) data on female respondents aged 18 to 44 years reporting nonmedical opioid use in the past 30 days (unweighted n = 4498). We categorized patterns of polysubstance use in the past 30 days, including cigarettes, binge drinking, and other legal and illicit substances and reported prevalence adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment. <br><br>RESULTS: Of all women with nonmedical opioid use, 11% reported only opioid use. Polysubstance use was highest in non-Hispanic White women and women with lower educational attainment. The most frequently used other substances among women using opioids nonmedically were cigarettes (56.2% smoked > 5 cigarettes per day), binge drinking (49.7%), and marijuana (32.4%). Polysubstance use was similarly prevalent among pregnant women with nonmedical opioid use. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Polysubstance use is highly prevalent among US reproductive-aged women reporting nonmedical opioid use. Public Health Implications. Interventions are needed that address concurrent use of multiple substances. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print June 22, 2017: e1-e3. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303825).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0090-0036",
doi="10.2105/AJPH.2017.303825",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.303825"
}