@article{ref1,
title="More helmets fewer deaths: motorcycle helmet legislation impacts traumatic brain injury-related mortality in young adults",
journal="American surgeon",
year="2017",
author="Hassan, Ahmed and Jokar, Tahereh Orouji and Rhee, Peter and Ibraheem, Kareem and Kulvatunyou, Narong and Anderson, Kathryn Tinsley and Gries, Lynn and Roward, Zachary Thomas and Joseph, Bellal",
volume="83",
number="6",
pages="541-546",
abstract="The aim of our study was to assess the impact of helmet legislations on the incidence and the mortality rate of motorcycle collision (MCC)-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) in young adult trauma patients. A 1-year (2011) retrospective analysis was performed of all patients under 21 years old with trauma-related hospitalization using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database (representing 20% of all in-patient admissions). Patients with MCC were identified using E-codes. States were classified into three groups based on helmet legislations: universal age helmet legislation, <18 years helmet legislation, and <21 years helmet legislation. Outcome measures were the rates of TBI and mortality. Linear regression analysis was used to assess outcomes among the states. A total of 1,165,150 patients with trauma-related hospitalizations across 29 states were reviewed of which, 587 patients with MCC were included. Ten states had universal age legislation; 13 states had age <18 years legislation, and 6 states had age <21 years legislation. There was a lower incidence in the rate of TBI (P = 0.03) in states with universal helmet legislations compared with states with age-restricted helmet legislation. Universal helmet legislations lowered the rate of MCC-related TBI injures by a factor of 2.15 (β coefficient: 2.15; 95% confidence interval: 0.91-10.18; P = 0.04). States with age-restricted helmet legislations have a higher rate of traumatic brain injury and mortality compared with states with universal helmet legislations. Establishing universal helmet legislations across the states may provide a potential preventive strategy against traumatic brain injury.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-1348",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}