@article{ref1,
title="Cost-outcome analysis of booster seats for auto occupants aged 4 to 7 years",
journal="Pediatrics",
year="2006",
author="Miller, Ted R. and Zaloshnja, Eduard and Hendrie, Delia",
volume="118",
number="5",
pages="1994-1998",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this work was to analyze the societal return on investment in booster seats and in laws requiring their use in the United States. Booster seats reduce crash-related injury. Their use is mandatory for vehicle occupants aged 4 to 7 years in most of the United States. This study estimates the injury cost savings attributable to booster seat use. METHODS: Seat cost came from pricing on the Web and at retailers. Costs of passing and enforcing a legal mandate were estimated as a percentage of the costs of seat use. Injury risk when belted absent a seat was computed from national probability samples of crashes in the last years before booster seats entered into general use (1993-1999). Published estimates were used of the percentage of reduction in injuries achieved with booster seats, the mix of diagnoses reduced, and injury cost by diagnosis. The computations used a 3% discount rate. We studied the net cost per quality-adjusted life year saved, benefit-cost ratio, and net savings per seat. RESULTS: A booster seat costs 30 dollars plus 167 dollars for maintenance and time spent on installation and use. This investment saves 1854 dollars per seat, a return on investment of 9.4 to 1. Even lower bound estimates in sensitivity analysis indicated that society would benefit from the use of booster seats. Seat laws offer a return of 8.6 to 1. CONCLUSIONS: Belt-positioning booster seats offer a sound return on investment. Booster seat use laws should be passed, publicized, and enforced nationwide.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0031-4005",
doi="10.1542/peds.2006-1328",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-1328"
}