@article{ref1,
title="Do inequalities in neighborhood walkability drive disparities in older adults' outdoor walking?",
journal="International journal of environmental research and public health",
year="2017",
author="Zandieh, Razieh and Flacke, Johannes and Martinez, Javier and Jones, Phil and Van Maarseveen, Martin",
volume="14",
number="7",
pages="e14070740-e14070740",
abstract="Older residents of high-deprivation areas walk less than those of low-deprivation areas. Previous research has shown that neighborhood built environment may support and encourage outdoor walking. The extent to which the built environment supports and encourages walking is called &quot;walkability&quot;. This study examines inequalities in neighborhood walkability in high- versus low-deprivation areas and their possible influences on disparities in older adults' outdoor walking levels. For this purpose, it focuses on specific neighborhood built environment attributes (residential density, land-use mix and intensity, street connectivity, and retail density) relevant to neighborhood walkability. It applied a mixed-method approach, included 173 participants (≥65 years), and used a Geographic Information System (GIS) and walking interviews (with a sub-sample) to objectively and subjectively measure neighborhood built environment attributes. Outdoor walking levels were measured by using the Geographic Positioning System (GPS) technology. Data on personal characteristics was collected by completing a questionnaire. The results show that inequalities in certain land-use intensity (i.e., green spaces, recreation centers, schools and industries) in high- versus low-deprivation areas may influence disparities in older adults' outdoor walking levels. Modifying neighborhood land use intensity may help to encourage outdoor walking in high-deprivation areas.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1661-7827",
doi="10.3390/ijerph14070740",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070740"
}