@article{ref1,
title="Personality development since childhood associated with adult chronic insomnia: a study by Wang's Memory-Tracing Personality Development Inventory (WMPI)",
journal="Global journal of health science",
year="2017",
author="Lv, Xueyu and Ma, Yan and Feng, Fan and Hong, Lan and Wang, Jian and Wang, Weidong",
volume="9",
number="3",
pages="80-87",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the deviation in normal personality development in chronic insomnia patients.MATERIAL & METHODS: Eighty-one patients with chronic insomnia and 290 healthy controls were assessed with Wang's Memory Tracing Personality Development Inventory (WMPI). Differences between the two groups were explored to identify developmental characteristics.<br><br>RESULTS: Significant differences were found in three phases. During the chronological ages of 3-6 years old, the differences are relatively minor, and manifest in a lower independence level in patients (p<0.05). In older individuals, personality development deficits present mainly as abnormal thinking, excessive interpersonal anxiety, and less independence (p<0.05). Subjects of different ages present with their own developmental characteristics. Generally, patients younger than 36 years of age had a lower developmental level in independence and across emotional dimensions. In summary, there are significant differences in personality development between primary insomniacs and healthy controls (p<0.05).<br><br>CONCLUSION: Individuals are prone to develop chronic insomnia in adulthood if they exhibit a deviation from normal, or expected, personality development while in childhood. Abnormal development of personality correlates with the incidence of chronic insomnia. Subjects with lower independence in self-cognition tend to pursue perfectionism which may associate with a predisposition for chronic insomnia. Patients at different ages present different characteristics in personality development.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1916-9736",
doi="10.5539/gjhs.v9n3p80",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n3p80"
}