@article{ref1,
title="9/11-related PTSD among highly exposed populations: a systematic review 15 years after the attack",
journal="Psychological medicine",
year="2018",
author="Lowell, A. and Suarez-Jimenez, B. and Helpman, L. and Zhu, X. and Durosky, A. and Hilburn, A. and Schneier, F. and Gross, R. and Neria, Y.",
volume="48",
number="4",
pages="537-553",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The 11 September 2001 (9/11) attacks were unprecedented in magnitude and mental health impact. While a large body of research has emerged since the attacks, published reviews are few, and are limited by an emphasis on cross-sectional research, short time frame, and exclusion of treatment studies. Additionally, to date, there has been no systematic review of available longitudinal information as a unique data set. Consequently, knowledge regarding long-term trajectories of 9/11-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among highly exposed populations, and whether available treatment approaches effectively address PTSD within the context of mass, man-made disaster, remains limited. <br><br>METHODS: The present review aimed to address these gaps using a systematic review of peer-reviewed reports from October 2001 to May 2016. Eligible reports were of longitudinal studies of PTSD among highly exposed populations. We identified 20 reports of 9/11-related PTSD, including 13 longitudinal prevalence studies and seven treatment studies. <br><br>RESULTS: Findings suggest a substantial burden of 9/11-related PTSD among those highly exposed to the attack, associated with a range of sociodemographic and back-ground factors, and characteristics of peri-event exposure. While most longitudinal studies show declining rates of prevalence of PTSD, studies of rescue/recovery workers have documented an increase over time. Treatment studies were few, and generally limited by methodological shortcomings, but support exposure-based therapies. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Future directions for research, treatment, and healthcare policy are discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0033-2917",
doi="10.1017/S0033291717002033",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717002033"
}