@article{ref1,
title="Pain, bullying involvement, and mental health problems among children and adolescents with ADHD in Taiwan",
journal="Journal of attention disorders",
year="2019",
author="Yeh, Yi-Chun and Huang, Mei-Feng and Wu, Yu-Yu and Hu, Huei-Fan and Yen, Cheng-Fang",
volume="23",
number="8",
pages="809-816",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the relationships of pain and pain-induced functional impairment with bullying involvement, as well as the relationships between pain and mental health problems among 474 children and adolescents with ADHD. <br><br>METHOD: The levels of pain, pain-induced functional impairment, involvement in bullying, depression, anxiety, ADHD symptoms, and sleep quality were assessed. <br><br>RESULTS: Both victims of verbal and relational bullying and victims of physical bullying were more likely to have pain and pain-induced functional impairment than nonvictims. The perpetrators of verbal and relational bullying were more likely to have pain than the nonperpetrators. Participants with pain and pain-induced functional impairment experienced more severe depression and anxiety and worse sleep quality than did those without pain or pain-induced functional impairment. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Clinical and educational professionals should consider the possibility of involvement in bullying and comorbid depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality among ADHD children and adolescents with pain problems.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1087-0547",
doi="10.1177/1087054717724514",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054717724514"
}