@article{ref1,
title="Gender differences in hip anatomy: possible implications for injury tolerance in frontal collisions",
journal="Annual proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine",
year="2004",
author="Garton, Hugh J. and Patel, Sapna and Rowe, Stephen A. and Ipaktchi, Kyros and Sochor, Mark R. and Kohoyda-Inglis, Carla and Lange, Aaron W. and Poster, Craig S. and Lange, D. and Brede, Chris and Wang, Sherry C.",
volume="48",
number="",
pages="287-301",
abstract="Male occupants in frontal motor vehicle collisions have reduced tolerance for hip fractures than females in similar crashes. We studied 92 adult pelvic CT scans and found significant gender differences in bony pelvic geometry, including acetabular socket depth and femoral head width. Significant differences were also noted in the presentation angle of the acetabular socket to frontal loading. The observed differences provide biomechanical insight into why hip injury tolerance may differ with gender. These findings have implications for the future design of vehicle countermeasures as well as finite element models capable of more accurately predicting body tolerances to injury.",
language="",
issn="1540-0360",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}