@article{ref1,
title="Alcohol and drug use before and during the first year after traumatic brain injury",
journal="Journal of head trauma rehabilitation",
year="2018",
author="Beaulieu-Bonneau, Simon and St-Onge, Frédéric and Blackburn, Marie-Claude and Banville, Andrée and Paradis-Giroux, Andrée-Anne and Ouellet, Marie-Christine",
volume="33",
number="3",
pages="E51-E60",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To compare individuals with mild and moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on alcohol and drug use and substance use disorders before and in the first year post-TBI; to explore sociodemographic and injury-related variables associated with substance use disorders. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 225 adults hospitalized in a level I trauma center after TBI. <br><br>DESIGN: Observational cohort study with retrospective (pre-TBI) and prospective (4, 8, and 12 months post-TBI) assessments. MAIN MEASURES: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). <br><br>RESULTS: The percentage of participants using alcohol or drug declined shortly after the injury (4 months) but increased closer to preinjury levels by the end of the first year. Post-TBI alcohol use was higher after mild than moderate/severe TBI, but drug use was similar. About 11% of participants met criteria for a substance use disorder in the first year after TBI. Younger age, not being in a relationship, and suspected substance intoxication at the time of TBI were associated with the presence of a post-TBI substance use disorder. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Individuals with milder injuries return to alcohol use earlier than those with more severe injuries. Given that substance use may alter recovery, preventive recommendations and systematic follow-ups are warranted regardless of injury severity and access to rehabilitation.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-9701",
doi="10.1097/HTR.0000000000000341",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000341"
}