@article{ref1,
title="Shade sails and passive recreation in public parks of Melbourne and Denver: a randomized intervention",
journal="American journal of public health",
year="2017",
author="Buller, David B. and English, Dallas R. and Buller, Mary Klein and Simmons, Jody and Chamberlain, James A. and Wakefield, Melanie and Dobbinson, Suzanne",
volume="107",
number="12",
pages="1869-1875",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To test whether shade sails will increase the use of passive recreation areas (PRAs). <br><br>METHODS: We conducted a stratified randomized pretest-posttest controlled design study in Melbourne, Australia, and Denver, Colorado, in 2010 to 2014. We randomized a sample of 144 public parks with 2 PRAs in full sun in a 1:3 ratio to treatment or control. Shade sails were built at 1 PRA per treatment park. The outcome was any use of the study PRA (n = 576 pretest and n = 576 posttest observations; 100% follow-up). <br><br>RESULTS: Compared with control PRAs (adjusted probability of use: pretest = 0.14, posttest = 0.17), use of treatment PRAs (pretest = 0.10, posttest = 0.32) was higher at posttest (odds ratio [OR] = 3.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.71, 8.94). Shade increased use of PRAs in Denver (control: pretest = 0.18, posttest = 0.19; treatment: pretest = 0.16, posttest = 0.47) more than Melbourne (control: pretest = 0.11, posttest = 0.14; shaded: pretest = 0.06, posttest = 0.19; OR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.09, 8.14). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Public investment in shade is warranted for skin cancer prevention and may be especially useful in the United States. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02971709. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 19, 2017: e1-e7. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.304071).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0090-0036",
doi="10.2105/AJPH.2017.304071",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304071"
}