@article{ref1,
title="Esophageal lesions following button-battery ingestion in children: analysis of causes and proposals for preventive measures",
journal="European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases",
year="2018",
author="Lahmar, J. and Célérier, C. and Garabédian, E. N. and Couloigner, V. and Leboulanger, N. and Denoyelle, F.",
volume="135",
number="2",
pages="91-94",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To study recent cases of esophageal injury due to button-battery ingestion in children presenting in pediatric ENT emergency departments of the Paris area of France (Île-de-France region), in order to propose appropriate preventive measures. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective descriptive single-center study included all children under 15 years of age, presenting in pediatric ENT emergency departments between January 2008 and April 2014 for button-battery ingestion with esophageal impaction requiring emergency removal. <br><br>RESULTS: Twenty-two boys and 4 girls, with a median age of 25 months, were included. Twenty-five of the 26 batteries had diameters of 20mm or more. Median esophageal impaction time was 7 hours 30 minutes (range, 2 to 72 hours). The complications rate was 23%. Mean hospital stay cost was €38,751 (range, €5130-119,737). The origin of the battery was known in 23 of the 26 cases: remote control without screw-secured compartment (42.3%), open battery pack (15.4%), children's toy (15.3%), camera (7.7%), watch (1 case) and hearing aid without screw-secured compartment (1 case). <br><br>CONCLUSION: Esophageal lesions due to ingestion of button-batteries in children are almost always due to batteries larger than 20mm in diameter, mostly from devices with a poorly protected compartment, or batteries that are not individually packaged. These lesions cause serious complications in a quarter of cases and their management entails high health costs. Legislation requiring screw-secured compartments and individual blisters for batteries could have prevented 69.2% of the ingestions.<br><br>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1879-7296",
doi="10.1016/j.anorl.2017.09.004",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anorl.2017.09.004"
}