@article{ref1,
title="Window to hope: a randomized controlled trial of a psychological intervention for the treatment of hopelessness among veterans with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury",
journal="Journal of head trauma rehabilitation",
year="2018",
author="Brenner, Lisa Anne and Forster, Jeri E. and Hoffberg, Adam S. and Matarazzo, Bridget B. and Hostetter, Trisha A. and Signoracci, Gina and Simpson, Grahame K.",
volume="33",
number="2",
pages="E64-E73",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a psychological intervention to reduce moderate to severe hopelessness among Veterans with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). <br><br>DESIGN: Two-arm parallel group, controlled, randomized crossover trial, with 3-month follow-up for those initially allocated to treatment. Participants were randomly allocated in blocks of 4 on a 1:1 ratio to treatment (n = 15) or waitlist (n = 20) groups. SETTING: A Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS: Veterans between the ages of 26 and 65 years, with a history of moderate to severe TBI, and moderate to severe hopelessness. INTERVENTIONS: A 20-hour manualized small group cognitive-behavioral intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Beck Hopelessness Scale (primary), Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. <br><br>RESULTS: A significant difference between groups was found for postintervention scores on the Beck Hopelessness Scale (P =.03). Significant decreases were maintained at follow-up. For those initially allocated to the waitlist group who completed the intervention, treatment gains were noted in decreased hopelessness (P =.01) and depression (P =.003). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this trial provide additional support for the efficacy of this method of psychological treatment of hopelessness among individuals with moderate to severe TBI.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-9701",
doi="10.1097/HTR.0000000000000351",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000351"
}