@article{ref1,
title="It is written in your eyes: hostile attributions and self-directed gaze perception in incarcerated violent adolescent male offenders",
journal="International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology",
year="2018",
author="Karadenizova, Zhana M. and Dahle, Klaus-Peter",
volume="62",
number="12",
pages="3623-3638",
abstract="To date, we have frugal knowledge about the hostile attribution bias (HAB) and the biased gaze perception in violent adolescent offenders. This however is a major contributing factor in understanding delinquent behavior. Using a computer-based approach, presenting faces modulated in gaze direction (0°, 2°, 4°, 6°, 8°) and valence (angry, fearful, happy, neutral), the present study examined the impact of HAB of the feeling of being stared at in a sample of 27 adolescent offenders (aged 17-24 years). The study was conducted institution-intern in the Department for Social Therapy of a German correctional facility. <br><br>RESULTS showed that in comparison with faces with negative expressions, happy faces were more likely to be perceived as self-directed. Interestingly, emotion showed significant influence of the gaze perception in only two viewing angles (2° and 6°), revealing the role of the facial expression in highly ambiguous conditions. Furthermore, hostility did not modulate the relationship between the self-referential gaze perception and (negative) facial expression. Possible frameworks and limitations of the study are discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0306-624X",
doi="10.1177/0306624X17746292",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624X17746292"
}