@article{ref1,
title="An intercept study to measure the extent to which New Zealand university students pre-game",
journal="Australian and New Zealand journal of public health",
year="2018",
author="Riordan, Benjamin C. and Conner, Tamlin S. and Flett, Jayde A. M. and Droste, Nic and Cody, Louise and Brookie, Kate L. and Riordan, Jessica K. and Scarf, Damian",
volume="42",
number="1",
pages="30-34",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the degree to which students pre-gamed in New Zealand, using self-report and breathalysers. <br><br>METHODS: A total of 569 New Zealand undergraduate students were interviewed (men = 45.2%; first year = 81.4%) entering three university-run concerts. We asked participants to report how many drinks they had consumed, their self-reported intoxication and the duration of their pre-gaming session. We then recorded participants' Breath Alcohol Concentration (BrAC; µg/L) and the time they arrived at the event. <br><br>RESULTS: The number of participants who reported consuming alcohol before the event was 504 (88.6%) and the number of standard drinks consumed was high (M=6.9; median=6.0). A total of 237 (41.7%) participants could not have their BrAC recorded due to having consumed alcohol ≤10 minutes before the interview. The remaining 332 participants (57.3%) recorded a mean BrAC of 288.8µg/L (median=280.0 µg/L). Gender, off-campus accommodation, length of pre-gaming drinking session, and time of arrival at the event were all associated with increased pre-gaming. <br><br>CONCLUSION and implications for public health: Pre-gaming was the norm for students. Universities must take pre-gaming into account; policy implications include earlier start times of events and limiting students' access to alcohol prior to events.<br><br>© 2017 The Authors.  keywords: pregaming<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1326-0200",
doi="10.1111/1753-6405.12754",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12754"
}