@article{ref1,
title="A single error is one too many: the forced choice recognition trial of the CVLT-II as a measure of performance validity in adults with TBI",
journal="Archives of clinical neuropsychology",
year="2018",
author="Erdodi, Laszlo A. and Abeare, Christopher A. and Medoff, Brent and Seke, Kristian R. and Sagar, Sanya and Kirsch, Ned L.",
volume="33",
number="7",
pages="845-860",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The Forced Choice Recognition (FCR) trial of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II) was designed to serve as a performance validity test (PVT). The present study was designed to compare the classification accuracy of a more liberal alternative (≤15) to the de facto FCR cutoff (≤14). <br><br>METHOD: The classification accuracy of the two cutoffs was computed in reference to psychometrically defined invalid performance, across various criterion measures, in a sample of 104 adults with TBI clinically referred for neuropsychological assessment. <br><br>RESULTS: The FCR was highly predictive (AUC:.71-.83) of Pass/Fail status on reference PVTs, but unrelated to performance on measures known to be sensitive to TBI. On average, FCR ≤15 correctly identified an additional 6% of invalid response sets compared to FCR ≤14, while maintaining.92 specificity. Patients who failed the FCR reported higher levels of emotional distress. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that even a single error on the FCR is a reliable indicator of invalid responding. Further research is needed to investigate the clinical significance of the relationship between failing the FCR and level of self-reported psychiatric symptoms.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0887-6177",
doi="10.1093/acn/acx110",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acn/acx110"
}