@article{ref1,
title="Climatic barriers to soft-mobility in winter: Luleå, Sweden as case study",
journal="Sustainable cities and society",
year="2017",
author="Chapman, David and Nilsson, Kristina and Larsson, Agneta and Rizzo, Agatino",
volume="35",
number="",
pages="574-580",
abstract="Urban form can moderate the effects of weather on human movement. As such, the interrelationship between built environment, weather and human movement is a critical component of urban design. This paper explores the impacts of weather on non-motorised human movement (soft-mobility). Throughout we look at soft-mobility from the citizen's perspective and highlight the barriers to soft-mobility in winter. The aim of this study was to test the traditional pallet of winter city urban design considerations. Those of solar-access, wind and snow management and explore other weather and terrain conditions that act as barriers to soft-mobility in winter. This study is based on survey responses from 344 citizens in the sub-arctic area of Sweden. Outcomes from the research highlight that rain, icy surfaces and darkness are today's most significant barriers to soft-mobility in winter. <br><br>RESULTS from this study link changing barriers to soft-mobility in winter with climate change. The paper concludes that future urban design and planning for winter cities needs to consider a wider pallet of weather conditions, especially rain.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2210-6707",
doi="10.1016/j.scs.2017.09.003",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.09.003"
}