@article{ref1,
title="The complexity of adaptation to childhood polyvictimization in youth and young adults: recommendations for multidisciplinary responders",
journal="Trauma, violence, and abuse",
year="2019",
author="Musicaro, Regina Marie and Spinazzola, Joseph and Arvidson, Joshua and Swaroop, Sujata Regina and Goldblatt Grace, Lisa and Yarrow, Aliza and Suvak, Michael K. and Ford, Julian D.",
volume="20",
number="1",
pages="81-98",
abstract="Exposure to violence is pervasive in our society. An abundance of research has demonstrated that individuals who experience polyvictimization (PV)-prolonged or multiple forms of traumatic victimizations-are at heightened risk for continuing to experience repeated victimizations throughout their lifetimes. The current article reviews several overlapping constructs of traumatic victimizations with the ultimate goal of providing a unifying framework for conceptualizing prolonged and multiple victimization (defined in this article as PV) as a precursor to complex post-traumatic biopsychosocial adaptations, revictimization, and in some instances reenactment as a perpetrator (defined as complex trauma [CT]). This model is then applied to three socially disadvantaged victim populations-lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or questioning; commercially sexually exploited individuals; and urban communities of color-who are at heightened risk for PV and for exhibiting complex clinical presentations to demonstrate how the PV-CT framework can destigmatize, reframe, and ultimately reduce health disparities experienced by these populations. Trauma-informed recommendations are provided to aid researchers and multidisciplinary providers working to reduce harm and improve the quality of life for polyvictims.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1524-8380",
doi="10.1177/1524838017692365",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838017692365"
}