@article{ref1,
title="Driving performance of stable outpatients with depression undergoing real-world treatment",
journal="Psychiatry and the Clinical Neurosciences",
year="2018",
author="Miyata, Akemi and Iwamoto, Kunihiro and Kawano, Naoko and Aleksic, Branko and Ando, Masahiko and Ebe, Kazutoshi and Fujita, Kiyoshi and Yokoyama, Motonori and Akiyama, Tsuyoshi and Igarashi, Yoshio and Ozaki, Norio",
volume="72",
number="6",
pages="399-408",
abstract="AIM: Although the effects of psychotropics on driving ability have received much attention, little research is available on driving performance of stable outpatients with depression undergoing real-world treatment. This observational study investigated driving performance, cognitive functions and depressive symptomatology of (partly)remitted outpatients with depression under daily-practice psycho-pharmacological treatment. <br><br>METHODS: Seventy stable outpatients with depression and 67 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Patients' prescriptions were not controlled in order to capture the real-world treatment environment. Participants underwent three driving tasks-road-tracking, car-following, and harsh-braking-using a driving simulator, and three cognitive tasks-Continuous Performance Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and Trail-Making Test. The Symptom Assessment Scale-Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS), and Stanford Sleepiness Scale were also completed. <br><br>RESULTS: Although many patients received various pharmacological treatments, there were no significant differences in the three driving tasks between outpatients with depression and healthy controls. Difficulty of maintaining set in the WCST was significantly increased in patients with depression. SASS significantly affected road-tracking and car-following performance unlike with HAMD and BDI-II. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that (partly)remitted depressive patients under steady-state pharmacologic treatment do not differ from healthy controls with respect to driving performance, which seems to be more affected by psychosocial functioning than by pharmacological agents. This however has to be investigated systematically in an off/on-study.<br><br>This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1323-1316",
doi="10.1111/pcn.12648",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12648"
}