@article{ref1,
title="Journalists covering the refugee and migration crisis are affected by moral injury not PTSD",
journal="JRSM open",
year="2018",
author="Feinstein, Anthony and Pavisian, Bennis and Storm, Hannah",
volume="9",
number="3",
pages="e2054270418759010-e2054270418759010",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To explore the emotional health of journalists covering the migrations of refugees across Europe. <br><br>DESIGN: Descriptive. A secure website was established and participants were given their unique identifying number and password to access the site. SETTING: Newsrooms and in the field. PARTICIPANTS: Responses were received from 80 (70.2%) of 114 journalists from nine news organisations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Symptoms of PTSD (Impact of Events Scale-revised), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-Revised) and moral injury (Moral Injury Events Scale-revised). <br><br>RESULTS: Symptoms of PTSD were not prominent, but those pertaining to moral injury and guilt were. Moral injury was associated with being a parent (<i>p</i> = .031), working alone (<i>p</i> = .02), a recent increase in workload (<i>p</i> = .017), a belief that organisational support is lacking (<i>p</i> = .046) and poor control over resources needed to report the story (<i>p</i> = .027). A significant association was found between guilt and moral injury (<i>p</i> = .01) with guilt more likely to occur in journalists who reported covering the migrant story close to home (<i>p</i> = .011) and who divulged stepping outside their role as a journalist to assist migrants (<i>p</i> = .014). Effect sizes (<i>d</i>) ranged from.47 to.71. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: On one level, the relatively low scores on conventional psychometric measures of PTSD and depression are reassuring. However, our data confirm that moral injury is a different construct from DSM-defined trauma response syndromes, one that potentially comes with its own set of long-term maladaptive behaviours and adjustment problems.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2054-2704",
doi="10.1177/2054270418759010",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2054270418759010"
}