@article{ref1,
title="Cross-sectional investigation of self-reported concussions and reporting behaviors in 866 adolescent rugby union players: implications for educational strategies",
journal="Clinical journal of sport medicine",
year="2018",
author="Beakey, Mark and Roe, Mark and Tiernan, Stephen and Keenan, Brian and Collins, Kieran",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To examine the self-recalled concussion and bell ringer (BR) prevalence, reporting rates, and reporting behaviors in adolescent rugby players. <br><br>DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: School classroom. PARTICIPANTS: Adolescent male rugby players aged 12 to 18 years (n = 866). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concussion and BR prevalence, reporting rates, and reporting behaviors. <br><br>RESULTS: The sample reported a concussion and BR prevalence rate of 40% and 69.9%, respectively. Of these athletes with a history, 38.4% and 86.4% suffered recurrent concussions and BRs, respectively. The total reporting rates per 1000 suspected concussions and BRs were 474.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 415.4-534.3] and 238.7 (95% CI, 217.8-259.5), respectively. The athletes highlighted several barriers which hindered their truthful reporting of concussion, including &quot;not thinking the injury is serious enough to report&quot; (70%), &quot;wanting to win the game&quot; (38%), and &quot;not wanting to miss future games or training&quot; (48%). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Educational interventions are an invaluable component within a socioecological framework aimed at improving the concussion reporting rates of adolescent athletes. The self-recalled prevalence, underreporting rates, and behaviors of the sample are alarming, which prompts the need to further explore their motivational beliefs behind their decision to underreport a potential concussion. The information obtained can be used to tailor personalized interventions for specific athlete samples.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1050-642X",
doi="10.1097/JSM.0000000000000597",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000597"
}