@article{ref1,
title="Preliminary investigation of skull fracture patterns using an impactor representative of helmet back-face deformation",
journal="Military medicine",
year="2018",
author="Weisenbach, Charles A. and Logsdon, Katie and Salzar, Robert S. and Chancey, Valeta Carol and Brozoski, Fredrick",
volume="183",
number="Suppl 1",
pages="287-293",
abstract="Military combat helmets protect the wearer from a variety of battlefield threats, including projectiles. Helmet back-face deformation (BFD) is the result of the helmet defeating a projectile and deforming inward. Back-face deformation can result in localized blunt impacts to the head. A method was developed to investigate skull injury due to BFD behind-armor blunt trauma. A representative impactor was designed from the BFD profiles of modern combat helmets subjected to ballistic impacts. Three post-mortem human subject head specimens were each impacted using the representative impactor at three anatomical regions (frontal bone, right/left temporo-parietal regions) using a pneumatic projectile launcher. Thirty-six impacts were conducted at energy levels between 5 J and 25 J. Fractures were detected in two specimens. Two of the specimens experienced temporo-parietal fractures while the third specimen experienced no fractures. Biomechanical metrics, including impactor acceleration, were obtained for all tests. The work presented herein describes initial research utilizing a test method enabling the collection of dynamic exposure and biomechanical response data for the skull at the BFD-head interface.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0026-4075",
doi="10.1093/milmed/usx210",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usx210"
}