@article{ref1,
title="Changing trends in maxillofacial trauma: a 15 years retrospective study in the Southern Part of Haryana, India",
journal="Indian journal of dental research: official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research",
year="2018",
author="Gupta, Ashish and Babu, Aby K. and Bansal, Pankaj and Sharma, Rahul and Sharma, Sneha D.",
volume="29",
number="2",
pages="190-195",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The aim is to analyze the pattern of maxillofacial injuries and treatment outcomes in the past 15 years (2002-2016). <br><br>MATERIALS AND METHODS:: One thousand eight hundred and fifty patients from two tertiary referral center hospitals were studied retrospectively in which the age, sex, etiology, site of fracture, and treatment modality was recorded. <br><br>RESULTS: One thousand two hundred and twenty-eight males and 622 females were operated between 2002 and 2016. Mean age was 29 ± 17.2 years. Maximum incidence was seen in the age group of 16-30 years in males, whereas in females, the predominance of trauma was seen in both 16-30 and 31-45 age groups. Road traffic accidents were responsible for the majority of fractures (42.2%), followed by assaults (26.4), sports injuries (17.6%), and fall (10.7%). Maximum fractures were of the mandible (53.5%) followed by midface (25.6%) and panfacial trauma (20.8%). Nearly 53.6% of patients underwent open reduction, and internal fixation (ORIF), 34.2% managed by the closed method and 12.1% were kept under observation. <br><br>CONCLUSION: This study verified a young male predominance, a shift toward more assault related fractures, especially in females. Mandibular fractures were the most common of all. Moreover, the changing trend toward ORIF in the past 15 years.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0970-9290",
doi="10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_202_17",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_202_17"
}