@article{ref1,
title="Effectiveness of child safety seats vs safety belts for children aged 2 to 3 years",
journal="Archives of pediatrics and adolescent medicine",
year="2007",
author="Zaloshnja, Eduard and Miller, Ted R. and Hendrie, Delia",
volume="161",
number="1",
pages="65-68",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of child safety seats and lap-shoulder belts in rear passenger vehicle seats for 2- to 3-year-old crash survivors. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: The January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2004, US data on a nationally representative sample of crashes that resulted in at least 1 vehicle being towed away. PARTICIPANTS: Toddlers who were sitting in rear vehicle seats and using lap-shoulder belts or child seats when involved in highway crashes. Intervention Child safety seat vs safety belt. Outcome Measure Presence of any injury after a crash. RESULTS: The adjusted odds of injury were 81.8% lower (95% confidence interval, 58.3%-92.1% lower) for toddlers in child seats than belted toddlers. CONCLUSIONS: Child safety seats seem to be more effective rear seat restraints than lap-shoulder safety belts for children aged 2 to 3 years. Laws requiring that children younger than 4 years travel in child safety seats have a sound basis and should remain in force.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1072-4710",
doi="10.1001/archpedi.161.1.65",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.161.1.65"
}