@article{ref1,
title="Did Armstrong cheat?",
journal="Sport, ethics and philosophy",
year="2017",
author="Moore, Eric",
volume="11",
number="4",
pages="413-427",
abstract="In this paper, I explore the idea that under one way of understanding cheating, Armstrong did not fulfill any of the three necessary conditions: (1) that cheating violates a rule--I will make the case that though doping was against the official rules, it was not against the rules the athletes used; (2) that it is cheating if the intent is to obtain an unfair advantage--I will argue that dopers were not attempting to obtain an unfair advantage, at least on one plausible understanding of fairness; and (3) that cheating requires fair enforcement of the rules--I will show that the official rules against doping were hardly enforced at all, much less fairly enforced, and thus lacked enough sufficient normative force to deem breaking them cheating.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1751-1321",
doi="10.1080/17511321.2017.1292306",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17511321.2017.1292306"
}