@article{ref1,
title="Detection of symptom over-reporting on the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory in OEF/OIF/OND veterans with history of mild TBI",
journal="Clinical neuropsychologist, The",
year="2019",
author="Bodapati, Anjuli S. and Combs, Hannah L. and Pastorek, Nicholas J. and Miller, Brian and Troyanskaya, Maya and Romesser, Jennifer M. and Sim, Anita H. and Linck, John",
volume="33",
number="3",
pages="539-556",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: As part of routine care at Veterans Affairs facilities, veterans with a service-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) are administered a self-report post-concussive symptom measure, the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI). Interpreting the NSI can be problematic given that over-reporting on self-report measures is often found in both civilian and military patient populations. This study investigates embedded scales on the NSI that identify possible and probable symptom exaggeration. <br><br>METHOD: 183 veterans with a history of mild TBI were administered the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, 2nd edition, Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) and the NSI. The participants were divided into symptom validity testing pass and fail groups based on their performance on the MMPI-2-RF symptom validity scales. Cut scores on the NSI Total and Validity-10 scores were then established and applied to two additional veteran populations. <br><br>RESULTS: Sensitivity and specificity values were derived for all NSI Total and Validity-10 values. Optimal cut scores were determined based on specificity levels of ≥95%. The NSI Total cut score was ≥57 for possible and ≥67 for probable symptom exaggeration and the Validity-10 cut score was ≥22 for possible and ≥27 for probable symptom exaggeration, with sensitivity ranging from 27 to 43%. Applying these cut scores to a broader clinical and research sample resulted in lower rates of suspected exaggeration. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Both the NSI Total and Validity-10 cut scores consistently identified potential symptom exaggeration across three mild TBI samples. Clinicians and researchers who use the NSI are encouraged to utilize either embedded validity measure in their practice.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1385-4046",
doi="10.1080/13854046.2018.1482003",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2018.1482003"
}