@article{ref1,
title="Suicidal ideation, anxiety, and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis",
journal="Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria",
year="2018",
author="Dias-Carneiro, Rafael Paternò Castello and Dias, Ronaldo Maciel and Grippe, Talyta Cortez and Tauil, Carlos Bernardo and Carneiro, Narel Moita and Aguilar, Ana Carolina Rodrigues and Silva, Flávia Martins da and Bezerra, Felipe and Almeida, Leonardo Kenzo de and Massarente, Vitoria Lana and Giovannelli, Elaine de Carvalho and Tilbery, Charles Peter and Brandão, Carlos Otávio and Santos, Leonilda Maria B. and dos Santos-Neto, Leopoldo",
volume="76",
number="5",
pages="296-301",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: Psychiatric disorders frequently occur in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS); however, limited reports are available on these comorbidities. We aimed to investigate the relationships among MS, anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation. <br><br>METHODS: One hundred and thirty two patients with relapsing-remitting MS were evaluated using the Expanded Disability Status Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. <br><br>RESULTS: A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to evaluate the variables. The regression equation significantly predicted the BSI score (R2 = 0.306; adjusted R2 = 0.273; F (9, 125) = 9.18; p < 0.0005), and the BDI-II score was the only variable that contributed significantly to this model (p < 0.0005). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of depression and anxiety, and a higher rate of suicidal ideation were identified in MS patients compared to the general population. The presence of depressive symptoms appeared to have a direct influence on the risk of suicide.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0004-282X",
doi="10.1590/0004-282X20180036",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20180036"
}