@article{ref1,
title="Personality and risk taking in sports: a focus on unintentional and intentional head impacts in amateur soccer players",
journal="Clinical journal of sport medicine",
year="2018",
author="Levitch, Cara F. and Ifrah, Chloe and Kim, Mimi and Stewart, Walter F. and Lipton, Richard B. and Zimmerman, Molly E. and Lipton, Michael L.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: In soccer, unintentional and intentional (heading) head impacts are associated with concussive symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. We examined whether personality traits were associated with these behaviors in soccer players. <br><br>DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Participants completed study visits at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. A total of 307 adult amateur soccer players, recruited from New York City and the surrounding area, completed 737 HeadCount-2w questionnaires. PREDICTOR VARIABLES: Personality traits (intellect/imagination, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) were assessed with the Mini-International Personality Item Pool questionnaire at the baseline study visit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants completed an online questionnaire (HeadCount-2w) to ascertain frequency of intentional head impacts and occurrence of unintentional head impacts every 3 to 6 months. Generalized estimating equations repeated-measures regressions determined whether personality predicted unintentional and intentional impacts. <br><br>RESULTS: Personality traits were not associated with unintentional head impact(s) or frequency of intentional head impacts. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: These findings have important clinical implications, suggesting that personality is not driving the association between high levels of unintentional and intentional head impacts and worse neuropsychological functioning and concussive symptoms.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1050-642X",
doi="10.1097/JSM.0000000000000627",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000627"
}