@article{ref1,
title="Discussion on complex traumatism: emergence of the concept, etiology and diagnostic criteria",
journal="Sexologies",
year="2017",
author="Tarquinio, C. and Houllé, W. A. and Tarquinio, P.",
volume="26",
number="2",
pages="79-86",
abstract="Objectives The aims of this article are to engage a theorical and clinical reflection on the concept of complex trauma as it is referred in the literature usually. We will evoke the theoretical roots of complex trauma and the specific factors at the origin of its appearance. A clinical discussion will be proposed about the symptomatology of this psychological disorder.  Method The diagnosis' symptomatic expressions were analysed and discussed through the rigorous comparison of the models of Herman (1992) and Roth et al. (1997) completed by many results of studies led in the field of traumatology.  Results Factors favouring a greater probability to develop a complex post-traumatic stress disorder are the real-life experience (perceived traumatic intensity of the event) and the repetition of traumatic experiences during the childhood, essentially physical and/or sexual violence. Both models presented show themselves perfectly complementary and report the complexity of the clinical situation in a relevant way. Clinical importance of some symptoms which when associated can turn out to be good indicators of the presence of complex PTSD: shame-guilt, anger and aggressiveness (against oneself or the others) answers the needs of the subject to reduce an emotional distress by controlling its anxiety, the externalization of an internal suffering or the desire of the individual to actively control a reality that got established to him and which he underwent passively.  Discussion Results of studies presented in the article highlight the diversity and seriousness of the complex trauma psychological consequences, and the defensive character of these emotions and behaviours used by victims of childhood traumas.  Conclusions This article opens new avenues of research relative to complex trauma. So could be deepened the evaluation of these disorders, a reflection on the relationship between the complex PTSD and the borderline personality disorder, or the relationship between attachment's theories and the complex trauma, with the prospect of an improvement of the psychotherapeutic care.<p /> <p>Language: fr</p>",
language="fr",
issn="1158-1360",
doi="10.1016/j.sexol.2016.03.007",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2016.03.007"
}