@article{ref1,
title="Incidence of combat sport-related mild traumatic brain injuries presenting to the emergency department from 2012 to 2016",
journal="Clinical journal of sport medicine",
year="2018",
author="Lemme, Nicholas J. and Johnston, Benjamin and DeFroda, Steven F. and Owens, Brett D. and Kriz, Peter K.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: We sought to investigate the incidence and characteristics of traumatic brain injuries [mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI)] presenting to the emergency department as a result of boxing, wrestling, and martial arts (MA). <br><br>DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study of MTBI in combat sport athletes who were evaluated in emergency departments in the United States. SETTING: Patient data were taken from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. PARTICIPANTS: All patients with MTBI from 2012 to 2016, which occurred during participation in boxing, MA, or wrestling. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The incidence of combat sport-related MTBI presenting to emergency departments in the United States. <br><br>RESULTS: The mean annual incidence of MTBI due to wrestling was significantly larger (269.3 per 100 000 person-years) than boxing (85.6 per 100 000 person-years) and MA (61.0 per 100 000 person-years) (P < 0.01). The average age at injury was significantly lower for wrestling compared with boxing and MA (15.0 years [SD ± 3.9] vs 21.7 years [SD ± 8.2] vs 19.9 years [SD ± 10.5]; P < 0.01). A significantly larger proportion of MTBIs (95.3%; P < 0.01) in patients younger than 20 years were related to wrestling, compared with boxing (55.8%) and MA (54.1%). Most patients with combat sport-related MTBIs were treated and discharged (96.3%), with only 1.7% of patients being admitted and 0.6% of patients being held for observation. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Combat sports athletes are at high risk of sustaining an MTBI. Such athletes presenting to the emergency department for combat sport-related MTBI were more likely to be male and younger than 20 years. Of these athletes, wrestlers experience the highest incidence of MTBI-related emergency department visits.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1050-642X",
doi="10.1097/JSM.0000000000000633",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000000633"
}