@article{ref1,
title="Randomized controlled trial of a positive affect intervention for methamphetamine users",
journal="Drug and alcohol dependence",
year="2018",
author="Carrico, Adam W. and Gόmez, Walter and Jain, Jennifer and Shoptaw, Steven and Discepola, Michael V. and Olem, David and Lagana-Jackson, Justin and Andrews, Rick and Neilands, Torsten B. and Dilworth, Samantha E. and Evans, Jennifer L. and Woods, William J. and Moskowitz, Judith T.",
volume="192",
number="",
pages="8-15",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Contingency management (CM) is an evidence-based intervention providing rewards in exchange for biomarkers that confirm abstinence from stimulants such as methamphetamine. We tested the efficacy of a positive affect intervention designed to boost the effectiveness of CM with HIV-positive, methamphetamine-using sexual minority men. <br><br>METHODS: This attention-matched, randomized controlled trial of a positive affect intervention delivered during CM was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01926184). In total, 110 HIV-positive sexual minority men with biologically confirmed, recent methamphetamine use were enrolled. Five individual sessions of a positive affect intervention (n = 55) or an attention-control condition (n = 55) were delivered during three months of CM. Secondary outcomes examined over the 3-month intervention period included: 1) psychological processes relevant to affect regulation (i.e., positive affect, negative affect, and mindfulness); 2) methamphetamine craving; 3) self-reported stimulant use (past 3 months); and 4) cumulative number of urine samples that were non-reactive for stimulants (i.e., methamphetamine and cocaine) during CM. <br><br>RESULTS: Those randomized to the positive affect intervention reported significant increases in positive affect during individual sessions and increases in mindfulness over the 3-month intervention period. Intervention-related improvements in these psychological processes relevant to affect regulation were paralleled by concurrent decreases in methamphetamine craving and self-reported stimulant use over the 3-month intervention period. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Delivering a positive affect intervention may improve affect regulation as well as reduce methamphetamine craving and stimulant use during CM with HIV-positive, methamphetamine-using sexual minority men.<br><br>Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0376-8716",
doi="10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.029",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.029"
}