@article{ref1,
title="Determining the roles that club drugs, marijuana, and heavy drinking play in PrEP medication adherence among gay and bisexual men: implications for treatment and research",
journal="AIDS and behavior",
year="2019",
author="Grov, Christian and Rendina, H. Jonathon and John, Steven A. and Parsons, Jeffrey T.",
volume="23",
number="5",
pages="1277-1286",
abstract="Researchers have established that substance use interferes with anti-retroviral medication adherence among gay and bisexual men (GBM) living with HIV. There is limited parallel examination of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence among HIV-negative GBM. We conducted retrospective 30-day timeline follow-back interviews and prospective semi-weekly diary data for 10 weeks with 104 PrEP-using GBM, half of whom engaged in club drug use (ketamine, ecstasy, GHB, cocaine, or methamphetamine)-generating 9532 days of data. Participants reported their day-by-day PrEP, club drug, marijuana, and heavy alcohol use (5 + drinks in one sitting). On average, club drug users were no more likely to miss a dose of PrEP than non-club drug users (M = 1.6 doses, SD = 3.0, past 30 days). However, we found that club drug use (at the event level) increased the odds of missing a dose on the same day by 55% and the next day (e.g., a &quot;carryover effect&quot;) by 60%. Further, missing a dose on one day increased the odds of missing a dose the following day by eightfold. We did not identify an event-level effect of marijuana use or heavy drinking on PrEP adherence. Our data suggest club drug users could have greater protective effects from daily oral or long-acting injectable PrEP compared to a time-driven PrEP regimen because of the concurrence of club drug use and PrEP non-adherence.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1090-7165",
doi="10.1007/s10461-018-2309-9",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2309-9"
}