@article{ref1,
title="Children's ability to copy triangular figures is affected by their sleep-wakefulness rhythms",
journal="Sleep and Biological Rhythms",
year="2005",
author="SEGAWA, M. and Nomura, Yoko and Kohyama, Jun and Nakamura, T. and Suzuki, Mitsuru",
volume="3",
number="2",
pages="86-91",
abstract="Recently it has been found that more than half of the children between 2 and 3 years old in Japan go to bed after 22.00 hours. Children suffering from sleep-related problems, in general, have been known to show difficulty in controlling their emotions and behaviors. Consequently we hypothesized that disturbance of sleep habits in children produces neurobehavioral problems. We surveyed the sleep-wake rhythms of 350 children aged 5 and 6 years in kindergartens or nursery schools. The same children were asked to copy a triangular figure for the first time. Usable data were obtained from 222 children. We found that the rate of children with irregular sleep-wakefulness rhythms among children who failed to copy a triangle was significantly higher than that among those who succeeded in copying a triangle. Logistic regression analysis revealed that children with irregular sleep-wakefulness rhythms had a 5.9-times greater risk of not being able to copy a triangle. Also, the rate of failure to copy a triangle was significantly higher in children who showed troublesome episodes than in children who did not reveal them. We conclude that irregular sleep-wake rhythm is involved in the integration of cognition and motor activity.<p />",
language="",
issn="1446-9235",
doi="10.1111/j.1479-8425.2005.00166.x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-8425.2005.00166.x"
}