@article{ref1,
title="Pre-conception self-harm, maternal mental health and mother-infant bonding problems: a 20-year prospective cohort study",
journal="Psychological medicine",
year="2018",
author="Borschmann, Rohan and Molyneaux, Emma and Spry, Elizabeth and Moran, Paul and Howard, Louise M. and Macdonald, Jacqui A. and Brown, Stephanie J. and Moreno-Betancur, Margarita and Olsson, Craig A. and Patton, George C.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="1-9",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Self-harm in young people is associated with later problems in social and emotional development. However, it is unknown whether self-harm in young women continues to be a marker of vulnerability on becoming a parent. This study prospectively describes the associations between pre-conception self-harm, maternal depressive symptoms and mother-infant bonding problems. <br><br>METHODS: The Victorian Intergenerational Health Cohort Study (VIHCS) is a follow-up to the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study (VAHCS) in Australia. Socio-demographic and health variables were assessed at 10 time-points (waves) from ages 14 to 35, including self-reported self-harm at waves 3-9. VIHCS enrolment began in 2006 (when participants were aged 28-29 years), by contacting VAHCS women every 6 months to identify pregnancies over a 7-year period. Perinatal depressive symptoms were assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale during the third trimester, and 2 and 12 months postpartum. Mother-infant bonding problems were assessed with the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire at 2 and 12 months postpartum. <br><br>RESULTS: Five hundred sixty-four pregnancies from 384 women were included. One in 10 women (9.7%) reported pre-conception self-harm. Women who reported self-harming in young adulthood (ages 20-29) reported higher levels of perinatal depressive symptoms and mother-infant bonding problems at all perinatal time points [perinatal depressive symptoms adjusted β = 5.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.42-7.39; mother-infant bonding problems adjusted β = 7.51, 95% CI 3.09-11.92]. There was no evidence that self-harm in adolescence (ages 15-17) was associated with either perinatal outcome. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Self-harm during young adulthood may be an indicator of future vulnerability to perinatal mental health and mother-infant bonding problems.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0033-2917",
doi="10.1017/S0033291718003689",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718003689"
}