@article{ref1,
title="Evaluation of breakaway light poles for use in highway medians",
journal="Highway research record",
year="1973",
author="Walton, N. E. and Hirsch, T. J. and Rowan, Neilon J.",
volume="460",
number="",
pages="123-136",
abstract="Crash tests were conducted to determine the impact behavior of medianmounted light poles and secondary collisions of vehicles striking downed poles on a traffic lane. A relative hazard index was developed to describe the relative hazard created by the proximity and frequency of light poles. It was concluded that a 20-deg impact by a 2,900-lb vehicle at 45 mph would not cause a pole to encroach on the opposing traffic lane if the median is 40 ft wide. A 4,000-lb vehicle impacting at 25 deg and 60 mph would cause a pole to encroach approximately 11 ft into the opposing lane. Under both conditions, the impacting vehicle would cross into the opposing lanes and might be more of a hazard than the poles themselves. A medium-sized vehicle impacting a downed pole within the traffic lane presents no more hazard than the original impact. From a relative hazard standpoint, medianmounted luminaire systems produce less hazard than house-side systems for median widths of 30 ft or greater. /author/<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0073-2206",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}