@article{ref1,
title="Safety in construction zones where pavement edges and dropoffs exist (with discussion and closure)",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="1988",
author="Ivey, Don L. and Mak, King K. and Cooner, Harold D. and Marek, Mark A.",
volume="1163",
number="",
pages="43-62",
abstract="In this paper, the development of &quot;Guidelines for Warning and Protective Devices for Pavement Dropoffs&quot; are described. Included in this development are summaries of pertinent information from the literature, new analyses of vehicle stability, and the results of accident probability studies and benefit-cost studies. Four different safety-related vehicle-pavement dropoff interactionos were analyzed and evaluated: nibbling, scrubbing, dragging, and rolling. These interactions are described in detail in the paper. A wide range of vehicle sizes was considered in developing the guidelines, from small automobiles to large tractor semi-trailers. Pavement edges and dropoffs can pose a significant hazard under some construction conditions and need to be carefully considered and dealt with appropriately. The guidelines presented here are now in use by the State Department of Highways and Public Transportation in Texas.     Record URL:        http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1988/1163/1163-006.pdf<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}