@article{ref1,
title="Guidelines for the installation of crosswalk markings (discussion and closure)",
journal="Transportation research record",
year="1987",
author="Smith, Steven A. and Knoblauch, Richard L.",
volume="1141",
number="",
pages="15-25",
abstract="There has been a great deal of confusion and misunderstanding regarding the use of crosswalk markings in the United States. Uniform guidelines for installing crosswalks are needed to increase the uniformity of crosswalk applications and to prevent the unnecessary proliferation of crosswalk marking. A literature review, a survey of current practice, and an analysis of pedestrian and vehicle volumes at marked and unmarked locations were used to generate a draft set of guidelines, which were reviewed by 30 practicing traffic engineers and highway safety researchers. A final set of guidelines was generated on the basis of that review. The recommended guidelines call for marked crosswalks at all signalized intersections with pedestrian signal heads and unsignalized locations that satisfy specified minimum vehicular and pedestrian volume criteria.     Record URL:        http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1987/1141/1141-003.pdf    TRT Terms: Crosswalks; Guidelines; Pedestrian actuated controllers; Pedestrian density; Pedestrian phase; Road markings; Signalized intersections; Standardization; Traffic volume; Unsignalized intersections    Uncontrolled Terms: Pedestrian volume    Old TRIS Terms: Traffic marking    Subject Areas: Highways; Operations and Traffic Management; I73: Traffic Control;<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0361-1981",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}