@article{ref1,
title="Midwestern misfits: bullying experienced by perceived sexual and gender minority youth in the Midwestern United States",
journal="Youth and society",
year="2019",
author="Marshall, S. Alexandra and Allison, M. Kathryn",
volume="51",
number="3",
pages="318-338",
abstract="Perceived sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth experience more bullying in schools than their heteronormative peers. The social ecological model offers a framework for exploring the phenomenon of homophobic bullying. This study aimed to describe experiences of victimized youth. Using critical qualitative inquiry, youth (N = 16) of ages 15 to 20 who self-identified as having been bullied for being perceived to be SGM and who resided in a Midwestern state in the United States were interviewed in-person or online. Thematic analysis revealed that gender nonconformity was a common factor in being bullied. Subthemes are as follows: the sociocultural context shapes school climate; victimized youth felt a perception of being seen as deviant; and, victimized youth react to victimization differently. <br><br>FINDINGS indicate that bullying for gender nonconformity is a sociocultural issue. Improving the school climate for gender nonconforming youth is still needed. Implementing supportive programs and protective policies at the broader socioecological levels can help.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0044-118X",
doi="10.1177/0044118X17697885",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118X17697885"
}