@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence of behavioural risk factors for road-traffic injuries among the Iranian population: findings from STEPs 2016",
journal="International journal of epidemiology",
year="2019",
author="Fathollahi, Soraya and Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar and Rezaei, Nazila and Jafari, Ayyoob and Peykari, Niloofar and Haghshenas, Rosa and Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran and Damerchilu, Bahman and Mehregan, Ashkan and Khezrian, Maryam and Hasan, Milad and Momen Nia Rankohi, Ezzatollah and Darman, Mahboobeh and Moghisi, Alireza and Farzadfar, Farshad",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND: To achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.6 in Iran, we need to have a comprehensive understanding of the distribution of risky behaviours regarding road-traffic injuries at national and sub-national levels. Little is known about the road-use vulnerability patterns of road-traffic injuries in Iran. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of self-reported human risk factors in road-traffic injuries using the findings from a large-scale cross-sectional study based on the World Health Organization's stepwise approach to surveillance of non-communicable diseases (STEPs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study in 2016 assessed the road-use pattern and prevalence of risky behaviours of people more than 18 years old. In this study, we planned to recruit 31 050 individuals as a representative sample at national and provincial levels. In practice, 30 541 individuals (3105 clusters) from urban and rural areas of Iran were selected. Basic socio-demographic data, major behavioural risk factors such as seatbelt and helmet non-compliance, drunk driving and occupant in a car with a drunk driver were assessed through baseline interviews gathered through an Android tablet-based questionnaire. <br><br>RESULTS: The overall prevalence of seatbelt and helmet compliance was 75.2% (95% confidence interval: 74.7-75.7) and 13.9% (13.4-14.5), respectively, at the national level. The prevalence of risk-taking behaviours such as drink driving was 0.5% (0.4-0.6) and for being an occupant in a car with a drunk driver was 3.5% (3.2-3.8). At the provincial level, the highest age-standardized prevalence of seatbelt compliance (89.6%) was almost 1.5 times higher than the lowest provincial prevalence (58.5%). In 63% of provinces, the lowest prevalence of seatbelt compliance was observed among people aged 18-24 years old. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: In Iran, existing disease-prevention and health-promotion programmes should be expanded to target vulnerable subgroups that have more prevalent human risk factors for road-traffic injuries. Further research is required to investigate the context-specific proximal human risk factors and vulnerability patterns in Iran.<br><br>© The Author(s) 2019; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0300-5771",
doi="10.1093/ije/dyz021",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz021"
}