@article{ref1,
title="Gender-based harassment in early adolescence: group and individual predictors of perpetration",
journal="Journal of applied developmental psychology",
year="2019",
author="Tam, Michelle J. and Jewell, Jennifer A. and Brown, Christia Spears",
volume="62",
number="",
pages="231-238",
abstract="The current study examined gender-based harassment in early adolescence and the characteristics of individuals who perpetrate such harassment (specifically, experiences with witnessing gender-based harassment and gender identity). Students in seventh and eighth grade (n = 483; 247 girls, 236 boys) completed surveys containing measures of gender identity (perceived same and other-gender typicality, felt pressure to conform to gender norms, and gender contentedness), and questions about witnessing and perpetrating teasing, bullying, and rejection because of a peer's gender typicality or atypicality. <br><br>RESULTS revealed that the more GBH an individual had previously witnessed in their classroom, the more likely they were to report perpetrating GBH themselves. Additionally, boys high in other-gender typicality reported perpetrating more GBH than boys low in other-gender typicality. For girls, same-gender typicality interacted with felt pressure to conform to gender norms to predict GBH perpetration. For girls low in felt pressure, same-gender typicality negatively predicted GBH perpetration. For girls high in felt pressure, same-gender typicality positively predicted GBH perpetration.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0193-3973",
doi="10.1016/j.appdev.2019.02.011",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2019.02.011"
}