@article{ref1,
title="Exposure to violence and its association with symptoms of aggression: a cross sectional study among medical students of Karachi, Pakistan",
journal="JPMA: Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association",
year="2019",
author="Hussain, Mustafa Mushtaq and Naveed, Sadiq and Waqas, Ahmed and Shamim, Rehan and Ali, Faheem",
volume="69",
number="5",
pages="654-658",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To explore the experience of violence and its association with symptoms of aggression among medical students. <br><br>METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from January 5 to 14, 2018, at Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and comprised medical students who were interviewed using a self-reporting questionnaire that had three sections: demographics, the Aggression Questionnaire, and the Exposure to Violence Scale. Data were analysed using SPSS 20.. <br><br>RESULTS: Of the 192 subjects, 144(75%) were females and 48(25%) were males, with an overall mean age of 21.39+/- 2 years. Total exposure to violence was significantly higher among older male respondents (p<0.05). It was significantly associated with higher severity of physical aggression and hostility (p<0.05). However, it had no significant relationship with verbal aggression and anger (p>0.05).. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: A large proportion of medical students reported exposure to violent events, which was also associated with increased aggression among them.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0030-9982",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}