@article{ref1,
title="Effect of mass shootings on gun sales - a 20 year perspective",
journal="Journal of trauma and acute care surgery",
year="2019",
author="Callcut, Rachael A. and Robles, Anamaria M. and Kornblith, Lucy Z. and Plevin, Rebecca E. and Mell, Matthew W.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: Granular data on gun sales has been historically difficult to obtain. In 2016, California (CA) made monthly data from 1996-2015 publically available. Control charts are a method to analyze how a process changes over time in response to non-routine events. We utilized this technique to study the impact of US mass shootings on CA gun sales. <br><br>METHODS: Monthly gun sales were provided by the CA Department of Justice and monthly fatalities from the CDC Wonder Death Certificate Registry. Mass shooting events were obtained from after-action reports, news media, and court proceedings. Time ordered data were analyzed with control charts with 95% CIs (UCL, LCL) using QiMacros. <br><br>RESULTS: 9,917,811 individual gun sales occurred in CA with a median monthly rate of 41,324 (range 20,057 - 132,903). A median 263 people lost their lives monthly from firearms (124 homicide, 128 suicide), totaling 53,975 fatalities from 1999-2015. 15/21 current deadliest mass shootings occurred during this study period with 40% from 2012-2015. Also, 36 school shootings occurred during the study (mean 5 deaths, range 0-33; 6 injuries, range 0-23) with 31% in 2012-2015 at rate of 3 events/year vs. 1.4 events/year in the 17 prior years (p<0.05). Sales were generally consistent from 1996-2011 (except post Columbine, Col). Starting in 2011, sales exceeded the 95% predicted UCL every single month. Before October 2011, there was no statistically significant sustained effect of mass shootings on sales (except Col); however, since a statistically significant proportional spike in sales occurred in the months immediately following every single deadliest mass-shooting event. Every year since 2012, CA has strengthened gun laws in response to mass shootings yet sales have risen immediately preceding enactment of these laws each January. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Gun sales are more frequent since 2012, with an additional increase following both mass shootings and legislative changes enacted in response to these shootings. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Epidemiology, Level III.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2163-0755",
doi="10.1097/TA.0000000000002399",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000002399"
}